A RESEARCH PROJECT SUBMITTED TO THE DEPARTMENT OF NURSING, SCHOOL OF NURSING IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF BACHELOR’S OF SCIENCE DEGREE IN NURSING OF UZIMA UNIVERSITY

Abstract

HIV/AIDS is one of the diseases associated with a high morbidity and mortality with approximately 38.4 million persons were estimated to be infected with HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS, 2021). In Kenya, HIV/AIDS prevalence rates are among the highest in the world with an estimated 1.5 million people living with the disease in 2021, according to the Joint United Nations Program on HIV/AIDS (UNAIDS).Adherence as the extent to which a person’s behavior, taking medication, following a diet, and/or changes, corresponds with agreed recommendations from a healthcare provider(MIR HCA journal 2023). To achieve long-term viral suppression, near perfect ART adherence is required. The aim of the study is to identify the factors influencing the uptake of antiretroviral drugs by HIV patients aged (18-28) years on follow-up at KCRH .This study will use a cross-sectional design. The study was undertaken at KCRH. The study population included people of age (18-28), males and females who have been on follow up therapy for more than 6 months. This research utilized a probability sampling technique, that is convenient sampling. Data was analyzed using quantitative data analysis software. .Factors including individual factors (36%), social factors(48%) and facility factors(16%) proved to influence uptake among this population. Socially, family, peer, and community support caused an effect of 69.6%, 71.6% and 61.8% respectively, . Most of the respondents (90.2%) understand the importance of adherence and less than half are aware of ARV side effects or how to manage them. Additionally, a majority (86.3%) rely on the internet for information rather than healthcare providers. 78.4% found facilities accessible and 82.4% reporting no ARV shortages. Only 48% of patients reported access to support groups, and 57.8% have access to educational materials, suggesting that additional resources could improve patient understanding and support. A holistic approach, enhancing patient education, community support, and healthcare services, is essential to address knowledge gaps, reduce stigma, and empower HIV patients for improved adherence and overall health outcomes. Recommendations suggested were; to improve ARV uptake, increase support groups, enhance education on side effects, and promote anti-stigma campaigns. Strengthen patient-provider communication, ensure consistent reminders, integrate HIV education in workplaces, and provide reliable information in clinics to empower patients with accurate knowledge and support.